A to Z

All 110 peptides in the book. Each page gives what it is, how strong the human evidence is, how well its safety is understood, and where it stands with regulators in the United States and Australia, with the date it was checked.

110 of 110 shown

• 5-Amino-1MQAn oral compound studied for fat loss, often grouped with peptides★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• AbaloparatideThe other bone-building peptide★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4: prescription only
• AdipotideA fat-targeting peptide paused after kidney findings in primates★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• AHK-CuThe copper peptide for hair rather than skin★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully soldAU: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully sold
• AOD-9604The fat-loss peptide tested in a large phase 2b trial★★☆☆☆Moderately characterisedUS: Not approved; removed from Cat 2 Sep 2024AU: Appendix D cl.5: possession without authority illegal (named with CAS No. 221231-10-3)
• ARA-290The neuropathic pain peptide with human trial data★★★☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: InvestigationalAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• ArgirelineThe expression-line peptide often called "topical Botox"★★★☆☆Well characterisedUS: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully soldAU: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully sold
• BPC-157Tendon, joint and gut repair★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Schedule 4 + Appendix D, clause 5
• BPC-157 ArginateA more stable form of BPC-157★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Related to BPC-157, Appendix D cl.5
• Bremelanotide AnaloguesThe wider melanocortin family, and why selectivity decides everything★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Varies; most not approvedAU: Varies by compound; most unapproved
• CagrilintideThe amylin half of CagriSema★★★☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: InvestigationalAU: Not approved
• CagriSemaThe combination aiming at tirzepatide★★★☆☆Moderately characterisedUS: InvestigationalAU: Not approved
• CalcitoninThe bone and calcium peptide now used sparingly★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4: prescription only
• CarnosineThe muscle dipeptide used as an anti-glycation supplement★★★☆☆Well characterisedUS: Dietary supplement: lawfully soldAU: Supplement: lawfully sold
• CerebrolysinThe brain peptide mixture used clinically outside the West★★★☆☆Moderately characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Not registered; unapproved therapeutic good
• CJC-1295 (with DAC)Half of the classic clinic growth hormone stack★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Appendix D, clause 5
• CJC-1295 / Ipamorelin BlendThe single most-prescribed peptide combination in clinics★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Neither component approvedAU: Both components S4 + Appendix D cl.5: possession without authority illegal
• Collagen PeptidesThe peptide most people have already taken★★★☆☆Well characterisedUS: Dietary supplement: lawfully soldAU: Food / supplement: lawfully sold
• Compounded GLP-1 ProductsCompounded versions of the most sought-after weight-loss medicines★★★☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Compounding restrictedAU: Pharmacist compounding prohibited
• Copper Peptide Hair ComplexCopper peptides formulated for hair loss★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully soldAU: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully sold
• CortagenThe cerebral cortex bioregulator★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• DavunetideThe neuroprotective peptide that reached a phase 2/3 trial, and what its results teach★★★☆☆Moderately characterisedUS: Investigational; phase 2/3 primary endpoints not metAU: Not approved
• DecorinylThe peptide that organises collagen rather than making more of it★★☆☆☆Well characterisedUS: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully soldAU: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully sold
• DesmopressinThe vasopressin analogue for diabetes insipidus and bedwetting★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4: prescription only
• DihexaThe Alzheimer's research peptide at an early stage of study★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• DSIPThe sleep peptide PCAC did not recommend in 2026★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approved; reviewed by PCAC July 2026 as Emideltide, outcome not published by FDAAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• DulaglutideThe weekly GLP-1 for diabetes, not weight loss★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approved (type 2 diabetes)AU: Schedule 4: ARTG-registered
• EGFThe luxury skincare growth factor with an unresolved safety debate★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Cosmetic status variesAU: Schedule 7 (Dangerous Poison), except in preparations for human therapeutic use; Appendix G and Appendix J controls
• EnfuvirtideThe HIV drug that proved peptides can block a virus★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4: prescription only
• EpitalonThe telomere peptide★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• ExenatideThe first GLP-1 drug, and it came from a lizard★★★★☆Well characterisedUS: FDA approved (type 2 diabetes)AU: Schedule 4
• EyeserylThe under-eye puffiness peptide★★☆☆☆Well characterisedUS: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully soldAU: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully sold
• Follistatin-344The myostatin blocker studied through gene therapy★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Appendix D cl.5: possession without authority illegal (named individually)
• FOXO4-DRIThe senolytic peptide from a landmark mouse study★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• GHK-CuSkin renewal and collagen support★★☆☆☆well-characterised (topical) / poorly characterised (injected)US: Topical cosmetic: lawful. Injectable: not approvedAU: Topical cosmetic: lawful. Injectable: Schedule 4
• GHRP-2The older growth hormone secretagogue that raises cortisol★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Schedule 4 + Appendix D cl.5 (listed as Pralmorelin)
• GHRP-6The secretagogue known for its strong effect on hunger★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Schedule 4 + Appendix D cl.5 (named individually)
• GlucagonThe emergency hormone that reverses severe hypoglycaemia★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 3: pharmacist only medicine
• GlutathioneThe antioxidant tripeptide used in IV drips and skin-lightening injections★★☆☆☆Moderately characterisedUS: Oral supplement lawful; injectable compounded, not FDA-approvedAU: Oral supplement lawful; injectable Schedule 4
• GonadorelinThe TRT adjunct that isn't hCG★★★★☆Well characterisedUS: Approved (some formulations)AU: Schedule 4
• hCGA proven fertility medicine, not supported for weight loss★★★★☆Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4 (Prescription Only)
• HepcidinThe master regulator of iron, mostly a diagnostic, not a drug★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• Hexapeptide-11The anti-senescence cosmetic peptide★★☆☆☆Well characterisedUS: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully soldAU: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully sold
• HexarelinThe strongest-acting secretagogue, with the fastest tolerance★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Schedule 4 + Appendix D cl.5 (named individually)
• hGH Fragment 176-191The growth hormone fragment closely related to AOD-9604★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Schedule 4; related to AOD-9604 which is named in Appendix D cl.5
• HumaninThe first mitochondrial-derived peptide discovered★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• IcatibantThe self-injected rescue for hereditary angioedema★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4: prescription only
• IGF-1 DESThe short-acting IGF-1 discussed for "site-specific" growth★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Schedule 4 + Appendix D cl.5 (insulin-like growth factors, class entry)
• IGF-1 LR3The long-acting IGF-1 with a serious risk profile★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Schedule 4 + Appendix D cl.5 (insulin-like growth factors, class entry)
• InsulinThe original therapeutic peptide, with serious risks outside medical use★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4: ARTG-registered
• IpamorelinThe "clean" growth hormone secretagogue★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Schedule 4 + Appendix D, clause 5
• Kisspeptin-10The upstream switch for reproductive hormones★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Investigational; current 503A Category 2 substance (29 September 2023)AU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• KPVThe gut and inflammation peptide with a rising profile★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approved; PCAC recommended Jul 2026 (8-6, one abstention)AU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• LarazotideThe "leaky gut" peptide that reached phase 3★★★☆☆Moderately characterisedUS: InvestigationalAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• LeuphasylThe peptide formulated alongside Argireline★★☆☆☆Well characterisedUS: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully soldAU: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully sold
• LeuprolideThe GnRH agonist that pauses the reproductive axis★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4: prescription only
• LinaclotideThe oral peptide that works without being absorbed★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4: prescription only
• LiraglutideThe first-generation GLP-1★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4 (Prescription Only)
• LivagenThe liver bioregulator★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• LL-37The body's own antimicrobial peptide, discussed for chronic infection★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• MatrixylOne of the best-evidenced cosmetic peptides★★★☆☆Well characterisedUS: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully soldAU: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully sold
• Matrixyl 3000The two-peptide upgrade found in most retail serums★★★☆☆Well characterisedUS: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully soldAU: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully sold
• MazdutideThe dual agonist developed primarily in China★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Not approved
• Melanotan IThe melanotan that became an approved medicine★★★★☆Moderately characterisedUS: FDA approved (Scenesse, narrow indication)AU: Schedule 4; Scenesse ARTG-registered
• Melanotan IIThe injectable tanning peptide★☆☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Schedule 4 (Prescription Only)
• MK-677The oral growth hormone secretagogue★★★☆☆Moderately characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Schedule 4 + Appendix D, clause 5
• Mod GRF (1-29)Often confused with CJC-1295, and a different drug★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Schedule 4; captured by Appendix D cl.5 class entry (GHRHs)
• MOTS-cThe flagship mitochondrial longevity peptide★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• N-Acetyl Selank AmidateA modified Selank, not yet independently studied★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• N-Acetyl Semax AmidateA modified Semax, not yet independently studied★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• NAD+ and PrecursorsThe longevity supplement popular across the peptide community★★★☆☆Moderately characterisedUS: NMN status contested; NR lawful as a supplementAU: Supplement status varies; NMN restricted
• NoopeptThe widely used Russian nootropic, a dipeptide derivative★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approved; not a lawful dietary supplement ingredientAU: Schedule 4
• OctreotideThe somatostatin analogue for acromegaly and hormone-secreting tumours★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4: prescription only
• Oral GLP-1 PeptidesThe answer to "can I take this without injecting?"★★★★☆Well characterisedUS: FDA approved (Rybelsus)AU: Schedule 4: ARTG-registered
• OrforglipronThe first once-daily oral non-peptide in the GLP-1 class★★★★☆Moderately characterisedUS: FDA approved 1 April 2026 (Foundayo) for weight managementAU: Not approved
• OxytocinAn approved obstetric drug also used as a bonding nasal spray★★★★☆Moderately characterisedUS: FDA approved (obstetric)AU: Schedule 4: ARTG-registered (obstetric)
• P21The neurogenesis peptide from Alzheimer's research★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1The collagen-signalling half of Matrixyl 3000★★★☆☆Well characterisedUS: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully soldAU: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully sold
• PinealonThe Russian brain bioregulator★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• PlecanatideThe uroguanylin analogue for chronic constipation★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4: prescription only
• PramlintideThe approved amylin medicine, less widely known★★★★☆Well characterisedUS: FDA approved (adjunct in diabetes)AU: Schedule 4
• ProgelineThe jawline and sagging peptide★★☆☆☆Well characterisedUS: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully soldAU: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully sold
• PT-141The approved libido medicine, also used outside prescription★★★★☆Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Not named in the Poisons Standard
• RetatrutideThe next-generation weight-loss drug that isn't approved yet★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: InvestigationalAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• SelankAnxiety relief without sedation★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• SemaglutideThe drug that changed obesity treatment★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4 (Prescription Only)
• SemaxThe leading nootropic peptide★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• SermorelinThe GHRH analogue once approved, now compounded★★★★☆Moderately characterisedUS: Previously approved; now compoundedAU: Schedule 4; captured by Appendix D cl.5 class entry (GHRHs)
• SetmelanotideThe melanocortin drug for rare genetic obesity★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approved (rare genetic obesity)AU: Schedule 4: prescription only
• SNAP-8The Argireline successor★★☆☆☆Well characterisedUS: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully soldAU: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully sold
• SomatropinHuman growth hormone itself, the benchmark for every secretagogue★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4 + Appendix D, clause 5
• SS-31The mitochondrial peptide with modern human trials★★★☆☆Moderately characterisedUS: InvestigationalAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• SurvodutideThe GLP-1/glucagon dual agonist with a liver focus★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: InvestigationalAU: Not approved
• Syn-AkeThe "snake venom" wrinkle peptide★★☆☆☆Well characterisedUS: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully soldAU: Cosmetic ingredient: lawfully sold
• TB-500The other half of the "Wolverine Stack"★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Appendix D, clause 5
• TeduglutideThe GLP-2 analogue that grows intestinal lining★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4: prescription only
• TeriparatideOsteoporosis: the bone-building injection★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4: prescription only
• TesamorelinThe only GHRH analogue with a current approval★★★★☆Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4; captured by Appendix D cl.5 class entry (GHRHs)
• TesofensineThe Alzheimer's candidate later studied for weight loss★★★☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Not approved
• ThymagenThe synthetic successor to Thymalin★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• ThymalinThe Russian thymus bioregulator★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• Thymosin Alpha-1The immune peptide approved in around 30 countries★★★★☆Moderately characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Not ARTG-registered
• Thymosin Beta-4The full protein that TB-500 is a fragment of★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Appendix D cl.5: possession without authority illegal (named individually)
• Thymosin Beta-4 FragmentsSub-fragments used as alternatives to TB-500★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Thymosin Beta 4 named in Appendix D cl.5
• ThymulinThe zinc-dependent thymic hormone★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• TirzepatideThe most effective approved weight-loss drug★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4 (Prescription Only)
• VasopressinThe critical care vasopressor★★★★★Well characterisedUS: FDA approvedAU: Schedule 4: prescription only
• VilonThe two-amino-acid immune bioregulator★☆☆☆☆Largely unknownUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good
• VIPThe CIRS and mould-illness peptide★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Investigational (aviptadil)AU: Schedule 4
• Zinc ThymulinThe hair-loss peptide with one small human pilot★★☆☆☆Poorly characterisedUS: Not approvedAU: Not listed by name; unapproved therapeutic good